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Chemical poison and regeneration of SCR catalysts for NO<i>xi>

Junhua LI,Yue PENG,Huazhen CHANG,Xiang LI,John C. CRITTENDEN,Jiming HAO

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 3,   Pages 413-427 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0832-3

Abstract: Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with NH is an effective technique to remove NO from stationary sources, such as coal-fired power plant and industrial boilers. Some of elements in the fly ash deactivate the catalyst due to strong chemisorptions on the active sites. The poisons may act by simply blocking active sites or alter the adsorption behaviors of reactants and products by an electronic interaction. This review is mainly focused on the chemical poisoning on V O -based catalysts, environmental-benign catalysts and low temperature catalysts. Several common poisons including alkali/alkaline earth metals, SO and heavy metals etc. are referred and their poisoning mechanisms on catalysts are discussed. The regeneration methods of poisoned catalysts and the development of poison-resistance catalysts are also compared and analyzed. Finally, future research directions in developing poisoning resistance catalysts and facile efficient regeneration methods for SCR catalysts are proposed.

Keywords: flue gas     DeNO<i>xi>     SCR catalyst     poison and regeneration    

species associated with eucalypt diseases in southern China

Shuaifei CHEN, Qianli LIU, Guoqing LI, Michael J. WINGFIELD

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2017, Volume 4, Issue 4,   Pages 433-447 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017173

Abstract: The genus includes several important pathogens of species of and , mainly causing leaf and shoot blight. Recently, extensive shoot and leaf dieback and stem cankers suspected to be diseases have been found on young trees in Guangdong and Hainan Provinces. The occurrence of species and their association with eucalypt hosts within China needs to be investigated for tree diseases management. The isolates from the diseased samples were identified based on their morphological structures and phylogenetic analyses with DNA sequence data for the internal transcribed spacer region and large ribosome subunit RNA of the nuclear rDNA. This work revealed that three species of were present: from , from , both isolated from young eucalypt leaves and shoots in Guangdong Province, and , which was isolated from stem cankers of at four different sites across Guangdong and Hainan Provinces. These results confirmed that agents were associated with the diseases occurring on eucalypt hosts in South China. This is the first report of in Asia and the first report of in China on trees.

Keywords: <i>Corymbiai>     <i>Eucalyptusi>     forest pathogens     plantations     Myrtaceae    

Regulating surface chemistry of separator with LiF for advanced Li-S batteries

Frontiers in Energy 2022, Volume 16, Issue 4,   Pages 601-606 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0759-7

Abstract: Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have attracted intensive attention owing to their ultrahigh theoreticalNevertheless, the practical application of Li-S batteries is prevented by uncontrollable shuttle effectThis work provides a facile strategy for the development of advanced Li-S batteries.

Keywords: Li<i>-i>S batteries     LiF     functional separator    

Identification and selection of resistance to

Lizhen ZHU, Jianying LI, Zhongping XU, Hakim MANGHWAR, Sijia LIANG, Suli LI, Muna ALARIQI, Shuangxia

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2018, Volume 5, Issue 2,   Pages 236-252 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018223

Abstract: Plants have developed sophisticated systems to cope with herbivore challenge, including morphological barriers and secondary metabolites to reduce damage. In this study, 550 genotypes were evaluated for whitefly ( ) resistance in five experiments including two in the field and three in the greenhouse, with 23 resistant and 19 susceptible genotypes selected. Whitefly-resistance index determination showed that a leaf having a high density of hairs had resistance to whitfly egg/nymph production. Longer leaf hairs were also important for resistance. This study revealed that okra shaped leaves reduced adult whitefly oviposition preference, while glabrous leaves and high hair density helped not only in the reduction of the adults but also decreased oviposition preference. Gossypol was also observed to be involved in the reduction of adult whitefly development and/or survival.

Keywords: <i>Bemisia tabacii>     <i>Gossypiumi> genotypes     gossypol     leaf hair density     leaf hair length    

MicroRNA-148b promotes proliferation of hair follicle cells by targeting

Wanbao YANG,Qinqun LI,Bo SU,Mei YU

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2016, Volume 3, Issue 1,   Pages 72-80 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016089

Abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs, are involved in many aspects of biological processes. Previous studies have indicated that miRNAs are important for hair follicle development and growth. In our study, we found by qRT-PCR that miR-148b was significantly upregulated in sheep wool follicle bulbs in anagen phase compared with the telogen phase of the hair follicle cycle. Overexpression of miR-148b promoted proliferation of both HHDPC and HHGMC. By using the TOPFlash system we demonstrated that miR-148b could activate Wnt/β-catenin pathway and , , and were consistently upregulated accordingly. Furthermore, transcript factor nuclear factor of activated T cells type 5 ( ) and were predicted to be the target of miR-148b and this was substantiated using a Dual-Luciferase reporter system. Subsequently was further identified as the target of miR-148b using western blotting. These results were considered to indicate that miR-148b could activate the Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway by targeting to promote the proliferation of human hair follicle cells.

Keywords: miR-148b     hair follicle     proliferation     <i>NFAT5i>     <i>Wnt10bi>    

NO<i>xi> and H2S formation in the reductive zone of air-staged combustion of

Jinzhi CAI, Dan LI, Denggao CHEN, Zhenshan LI

Frontiers in Energy 2021, Volume 15, Issue 1,   Pages 4-13 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0804-y

Abstract: Low NO combustion of blended coals is widely used in coal-fired boilers in China to control NO emission; thus, it is necessary to understand the formation mechanism of NO and H S during the combustion of blended coals. This paper focused on the investigation of reductive gases in the formation of NO and H S in the reductive zone of blended coals during combustion. Experiments with Zhundong (ZD) and Commercial (GE) coal and their blends with different mixing ratios were conducted in a drop tube furnace at 1200°C–1400°C with an excessive air ratio of 0.6–1.2. The coal conversion and formation characteristics of CO, H S, and NO in the fuel-rich zone were carefully studied under different experimental conditions for different blend ratios. Blending ZD into GE was found to increase not only the coal conversion but also the concentrations of CO and H S as NO reduction accelerated. Both the CO and H S concentrations inblended coal combustion increase with an increase in the combustion temperature and a decrease in the excessive air ratio. Based on accumulated experimental data, one interesting finding was that NO and H S from blended coal combustion were almost directly dependent on the CO concentration, and the CO concentration of the blended coal combustion depended on the single char gasification conversion.Thus, CO, NO , and H S formation characteristics from blended coal combustion can be well predicted by single char gasification kinetics.

Keywords: blended coal combustion     NO<i>x i>formation     H2S formation     air staged combustion    

Triggering the biocontrol of

SARAVANAKUMAR, Zhixiang LU, Hai XIA, Meng WANG, Jianan SUN, Shaoqing WANG, Qiang-qiang WANG, Yaqian LI

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2018, Volume 5, Issue 2,   Pages 271-279 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018214

Abstract: This study reports a strain of CCTCC-SBW0162 with potential to enhance biocontrol activity against gray mold pathogen, , and with a pivotal role in tomato ( ) plant growth enhancement. A total of 254 isolates were screened by antagonistic assay. Of these, 10 were selected for greenhouse experiments based on their greater inhibition of . The antagonistic assay and greenhouse experiments indicated that CCTCC-SBW0162 gave the highest inhibition rate (90.6%) and disease reduction (80.7%). Also, to study the possible mechanism associated with antifungal activity of CCTCC-SBW0162 against , molecular docking was used to assess the interactions between CCTCC-SBW0162-derived metabolites, and pathogencity and virulence related proteins of . The molecular docking results indicated that the combination of harzianopyridone, harzianolide and anthraquinone C derived from CCTCC-SBW0162 could synergistically improve antifungal activity against through the inhibition/modification of pathogenicity and virulence related proteins. However, this computerized modeling work emphasized the need for further study in the laboratory to confirm the effect derived metabolites against the proteins of and their interactions.

Keywords: anthraquinone     <i>Botrytis cinereai>     harzianolide     harzianopyridone     molecular docking     <i>Trichodermaharzianumi>    

<i>RR1i> and <i>RR2i> gene deletion affects the immunogenicity of a live attenuated pseudorabies

Shijun YAN,He YAN,Chaolin ZHANG,Tongyan WANG,Qingyuan YANG,Zhe SUN,Yan XIAO,Feifei TAN,Xiangdong LI,Kegong

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2016, Volume 3, Issue 1,   Pages 81-86 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016088

Abstract: As virulence-determining genes, and encode the small subunit and large subunit of viral ribonucleotide reductase (RR) in pseudorabies virus which have been extensively studied in mice. However, their role in pigs has not been adequately investigated. In this study, we deleted and genes based on a / / triple gene-deleted pseudorabies virus and tested its efficacy in pigs as a vaccine candidate. The rescued virus showed similar growth properties and plaque size as its parent strain. In an animal study, the virus could elicit humoral immune responses shown by generation of gB-specific antibodies and virus neutralizing antibodies. However, vaccination could not provide protection against virulent pseudorabies virus challenge since vaccinated pigs showed clinical pseudorabies-specific syndromes. The deficiency in protection may due to the generation of late and low levels of gB antibodies and virus neutralizing antibodies.

Keywords: pseudorabies virus     <i>RR1i> and <i>RR2i>     ribonucleotide reductase     vaccine candidate    

SWIR Fluorescence Imaging <i>In Vivoi> Monitoring and Evaluating Implanted M2 Macrophages in Skeletal Article

Mo Chen, Yuzhou Chen, Sijia Feng, Shixian Dong, Luyi Sun, Huizhu Li, Fuchun Chen, Nguyen Thi Kim Thanh, Yunxia Li, Shiyi Chen, You Wang, Jun Chen

Engineering doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.05.010

Abstract:

Skeletal muscle has a robust regeneration ability that is impaired by severe injury, disease, and aging, resulting in a decline in skeletal muscle function. Therefore, improving skeletal muscle regeneration is a key challenge in treating skeletal muscle-related disorders. Owing to their significant role in tissue regeneration, implantation of M2 macrophages (M2Mø) has great potential for improving skeletal muscle regeneration. Here, we present a short-wave infrared (SWIR) fluorescence imaging technique to obtain more in vivo information for an in-depth evaluation of the skeletal muscle regeneration effect after M2Mø transplantation. SWIR fluorescence imaging was employed to track implanted M2Mø in the injured skeletal muscle of mouse models. It is found that the implanted M2Mø accumulated at the injury site for two weeks. Then, SWIR fluorescence imaging of blood vessels showed that M2Mø implantation could improve the relative perfusion ratio on day 5 (1.09 ± 0.09 vs 0.85 ± 0.05; p = 0.01) and day 9 (1.38 ± 0.16 vs 0.95 ± 0.03; p = 0.01) post-injury, as well as augment the degree of skeletal muscle regeneration on day 13 post-injury. Finally, multiple linear regression analyses determined that post-injury time and relative perfusion ratio could be used as predictive indicators to evaluate skeletal muscle regeneration. These results provide more in vivo details about M2Mø in skeletal muscle regeneration and confirm that M2Mø could promote angiogenesis and improve the degree of skeletal muscle repair, which will guide the research and development of M2Mø implantation to improve skeletal muscle regeneration.

Keywords: <i>In vivoi>     Short-wave infrared     Skeletal muscle     Macrophage     Regeneration    

Sugarcane bagasse amendment improves the quality of green waste vermicompost and the growth of <i>Eisenia fetidai>

Linlin Cai, Xiangyang Sun, Dan Hao, Suyan Li, Xiaoqiang Gong, Hao Ding, Kefei Yu

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 4, doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1240-2

Abstract: •Earthworms were able to convert green waste into more plant-available nutrients. •The part of heavy metals content increased in the compost added by earthworm. •The addition of SCB to GW did enhance earthworm biomass and humic acid content. •The resulting vermicomposts were characterized by neutral pH and lower EC value. Vermicomposting is a feasible method for disposing of lignocellulosic waste while generating a useful product. The current study assessed the potential of vermicomposting green waste mixed with sugarcane bagasse in proportions of 25%, 50%, and 75% (v:v, based on dry weight). The suitability was evaluated based on the agrochemical properties, earthworm biomass, and phytotoxicity. The final vermicomposts exhibited near-neutral pH values (7.1–7.6), and lower EC values (0.43–0.72 mS/cm) and C:N ratios (14.1–19.9).The content of available nutrients and CEC for all the vermicomposts exceeded those of the control compost (without earthworms). For vermicomposts, the average values of NO3–-N, AP, AK, and CEC were 53, 517, 1362 mg/kg, and 158 cmol/kg, respectively. The total contents of heavy metals increased in all vermicompost treatments compared to control composts with the following average final percentages: Zn (2.0%), Cr (15.5%), Pb (23.4%), and Cu (44.3%), but these amounts were safe for application in agroforestry. The addition of sugarcane bagasse to green waste significantly increased the content of total humic substance, humic acid and urease activity, acid and alkaline phosphatase activity, and Eiseniafetida reproduction. The addition of 25% sugarcane bagasse to green waste decreased the toxicity to germinating seeds. These results revealed that vermicomposting is a feasible way to degrade green waste into a value-added chemical product.

Keywords: Green waste     Earthworms     Sugarcane bagasse     Vermicomposting     Nutrient recovery    

Hydroxyl radical intensified Cu

Wenyue Li, Min Chen, Zhaoxiang Zhong, Ming Zhou, Weihong Xing

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 6, doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1281-6

Abstract: Abstract • Cu2O NPs/H2O2 Fenton process was intensified by membrane dispersion. • DMAc removal was enhanced to 98% for initial DMAc of 14000 mg/L. • Analyzed time-resolved degradation pathway of DMAc under ·OH attack. High-concentration industrial wastewater containing N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) from polymeric membrane manufacturer was degraded in Cu2O NPs/H2O2 Fenton process. In the membrane-assisted Fenton process DMAc removal rate was up to 98% with 120 min which was increased by 23% over the batch reactor. It was found that ·OH quench time was extended by 20 min and the maximum ·OH productivity was notably 88.7% higher at 40 min. The degradation reaction rate constant was enhanced by 2.2 times with membrane dispersion (k = 0.0349 min−1). DMAc initial concentration (C0) and H2O2 flux (Jp) had major influence on mass transfer and kinetics, meanwhile, membrane pore size (rp) and length (Lm) also affected the reaction rate. The intensified radical yield, fast mass transfer and nanoparticles high activity all contributed to improve pollutant degradation efficiency. Time-resolved DMAc degradation pathway was analyzed as hydroxylation, demethylation and oxidation leading to the final products of CO2, H2O and NO3− (rather than NH3 from biodegradation). Continuous process was operated in the dual-membrane configuration with in situ reaction and separation. After five cycling tests, DMAc removal was all above 95% for the initial [DMAc]0 = 14,000 mg/L in wastewater and stability of the catalyst and the membrane maintained well.

Keywords: Ceramic membrane reactor     <i>Ni>     <i>Ni>-dimethylacetamide     Fenton process     Cu2O     Wastewater    

Immobilization of

Xiaokai SONG,Zhongyi JIANG,Lin LI,Hong WU

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2014, Volume 8, Issue 3,   Pages 353-361 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1421-2

Abstract: Mesoporous silica particles were prepared for efficient immobilization of the -glucuronidase (GUS) through a biomimetic mineralization process, in which the solution containing lysozyme and GUS were added into the prehydrolyzed tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) solution. The silica particles were formed in a way of biomineralization under the catalysis of lysozyme and GUS was immobilized into the silica particles simultaneously during the precipitation process. The average diameter of the silica particles is about 200 nm with a pore size of about 4 nm. All the enzyme molecules are tightly entrapped inside the biosilica nanoparticles without any leaching even under a high ionic strength condition. The immobilized GUS exhibits significantly higher thermal and pH stability as well as the storage and recycling stability compared with GUS in free form. No loss in the enzyme activity of the immobilized GUS was found after 30-day’s storage, and the initial activity could be well retained after 12 repeated cycles.

Keywords: storage and recycling stability     silica nanoparticles     biocatalysis     biomimetic synthesis     <ii>-glucuronidase    

Enhanced production of

Shen Huang,Xudong Feng,Chun Li

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2015, Volume 9, Issue 4,   Pages 501-510 doi: 10.1007/s11705-015-1544-0

Abstract: -Glucuronidase from Li-3 (PGUS) can efficiently hydrolyze glycyrrhizin into the more valuable glycyrrhetic

Keywords: <ii>-glucuronidase     glycyrrhetic acid monoglucuronide     cell disruption     purification     chromatography    

Rhamnolipid synthesis and production with diverse resources

Qingxin Li

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 1,   Pages 27-36 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1607-x

Abstract: Rhamnolipids are one of the most effective biosurfactants that are of great interest in industrial applications such as enhancing oil recovery, health care, cosmetics, pharmaceutical processes, food processing, detergents for protein folding, and bioremediation due to their unique characteristics such as low toxicity, surface active property to reduce surface/interfacial tensions, and excellent biodegradability. The genes and metabolic pathways for rhamnolipid synthesis have been well elucidated, but its cost-effective production is still challenging. , the most powerful rhamnolipid producer, is an opportunistic pathogen, which limits its large scale production and applications. Rhamnolipid production using engineered strains other than such as and has received much attention. The highest yield of rhamnolipids is achieved when oil-type carbon sources are used, but using cheaper and renewable carbon sources such as lignocellulose would be an attractive strategy to reduce the production cost of rhamnolipids for various industrial applications.

Keywords: biosurfactant     rhamnolipid     <i>Pseudomonasi>     waste     surface tension    

Presence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of RE-<i>cmeABCi>-Positive <i>Campylobacteri> Isolated Article

Dejun Liu, Weiwen Liu, Xing Li, Hong Yao, Zhangqi Shen, Yang Wang, Jianzhong Shen

Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 1,   Pages 34-39 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.10.013

Abstract:

Campylobacter spp. (C. spp.) are the leading cause of human gastroenteritis worldwide. RE-CmeABC is a newly identified resistance-enhancing multidrug efflux pump of C. spp. that confers high-level resistance to fluoroquinolones, phenicols, macrolides, and tetracyclines, all of which are critical drugs in both human and veterinary medicine. In this study, we analyzed the presence and antimicrobial susceptibility of RE-cmeABC-positive Campylobacter isolates of food-animal origin from three representative regions (Shandong, Shanghai, and Guangdong) in China over three successive years, from 2014 to 2016. A total of 1088 Campylobacter isolates (931 C. coli and 157 C. jejuni) were recovered from the RE-cmeABC screening. We detected 122 (11.2%) RE-cmeABC-positive isolates of chicken origin, including 111 (70.7%) C. jejuni and 11 (1.2%) C. coli. This multidrug efflux pump is more prevalent among C. jejuni than C. coli. The level of resistance was significantly different in 111 RE-cmeABC-positive C. jejuni versus 46 RE-cmeABC-negative C. jejuni for florfenicol, clindamycin, and erythromycin (P < 0.05), but not for ciprofloxacin (CIP), tetracycline (TET), and gentamicin. However, the isolates harboring RE-cmeABC could shift the minimum inhibitory concentration distribution to the higher range for CIP and TET. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis suggested that horizontal transmission might be involved in the dissemination of RE-cmeABC in Shanghai and Guangdong, while clonal expansion was predominant in Shandong. Three isolates shared the indiscriminate PFGE types of RE-cmeABC-positive C. jejuni isolates in Shanghai and Guangdong, and four isolates in Shanghai and Shandong. Our study suggests the possibility of a wide dissemination of RE-cmeABC in Campylobacter of food-animal origin, which would pose a significant threat to public health.

Keywords: RE-<i>cmeABCi>     <i>Campylobacteri>     Ciprofloxacin     Florfenicol    

Title Author Date Type Operation

Chemical poison and regeneration of SCR catalysts for NO<i>xi>

Junhua LI,Yue PENG,Huazhen CHANG,Xiang LI,John C. CRITTENDEN,Jiming HAO

Journal Article

species associated with eucalypt diseases in southern China

Shuaifei CHEN, Qianli LIU, Guoqing LI, Michael J. WINGFIELD

Journal Article

Regulating surface chemistry of separator with LiF for advanced Li-S batteries

Journal Article

Identification and selection of resistance to

Lizhen ZHU, Jianying LI, Zhongping XU, Hakim MANGHWAR, Sijia LIANG, Suli LI, Muna ALARIQI, Shuangxia

Journal Article

MicroRNA-148b promotes proliferation of hair follicle cells by targeting

Wanbao YANG,Qinqun LI,Bo SU,Mei YU

Journal Article

NO<i>xi> and H2S formation in the reductive zone of air-staged combustion of

Jinzhi CAI, Dan LI, Denggao CHEN, Zhenshan LI

Journal Article

Triggering the biocontrol of

SARAVANAKUMAR, Zhixiang LU, Hai XIA, Meng WANG, Jianan SUN, Shaoqing WANG, Qiang-qiang WANG, Yaqian LI

Journal Article

<i>RR1i> and <i>RR2i> gene deletion affects the immunogenicity of a live attenuated pseudorabies

Shijun YAN,He YAN,Chaolin ZHANG,Tongyan WANG,Qingyuan YANG,Zhe SUN,Yan XIAO,Feifei TAN,Xiangdong LI,Kegong

Journal Article

SWIR Fluorescence Imaging <i>In Vivoi> Monitoring and Evaluating Implanted M2 Macrophages in Skeletal

Mo Chen, Yuzhou Chen, Sijia Feng, Shixian Dong, Luyi Sun, Huizhu Li, Fuchun Chen, Nguyen Thi Kim Thanh, Yunxia Li, Shiyi Chen, You Wang, Jun Chen

Journal Article

Sugarcane bagasse amendment improves the quality of green waste vermicompost and the growth of <i>Eisenia fetidai>

Linlin Cai, Xiangyang Sun, Dan Hao, Suyan Li, Xiaoqiang Gong, Hao Ding, Kefei Yu

Journal Article

Hydroxyl radical intensified Cu

Wenyue Li, Min Chen, Zhaoxiang Zhong, Ming Zhou, Weihong Xing

Journal Article

Immobilization of

Xiaokai SONG,Zhongyi JIANG,Lin LI,Hong WU

Journal Article

Enhanced production of

Shen Huang,Xudong Feng,Chun Li

Journal Article

Rhamnolipid synthesis and production with diverse resources

Qingxin Li

Journal Article

Presence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of RE-<i>cmeABCi>-Positive <i>Campylobacteri> Isolated

Dejun Liu, Weiwen Liu, Xing Li, Hong Yao, Zhangqi Shen, Yang Wang, Jianzhong Shen

Journal Article